Computer scientists unveil novel attacks on cybersecurity
Researchers have found two novel types of attacks that target the conditional branch predictor found in high-end Intel processors, which could be exploited to compromise billions of processors currently in use.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:29 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165229.htm
Breast cancer rates rising among Canadian women in their 20s, 30s and 40s
Rates of breast cancer in women under the age of 50 are rising in Canada according to a study which showed an increase in breast cancer diagnoses among females in their twenties, thirties, and forties.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:27 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165227.htm
Study details a common bacterial defense against viral infection
Researchers report on the molecular assembly of one of the most common anti-phage systems -- from the family of proteins called Gabija -- that is estimated to be used by at least 8.5%, and up to 18%, of all bacteria species on Earth.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:19 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165219.htm
Researchers introduce new way to study, help prevent landslides
Landslides are one of the most destructive natural disasters on the planet, causing billions of dollars of damage and devastating loss of life every year. A global team of researchers has provided help for those who work to predict landslides and risk evaluations.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:16 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165216.htm
New algorithm cuts through 'noisy' data to better predict tipping points
A new algorithm can identify the most predictive data points that a tipping point is near.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:14 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165214.htm
Mobile device location data is already used by private companies, so why not for studying human-wildlife interactions
When did you last go anywhere without your cell phone? From maps and weather apps to social media platforms, we give consent for our phones to trace our footsteps and behavior. These curated mobility data are often used for personalized advertisements. Scientists now argue mobility data can offer so much more -- it is key to understanding human-wildlife interactions for guiding policy decisions on sustainability-related issues and should be free and accessible for research.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:11 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165211.htm
From disorder to order: Flocking birds and 'spinning' particles
Researchers have demonstrated that ferromagnetism, an ordered state of atoms, can be induced by increasing particle motility and that repulsive forces between atoms are sufficient to maintain it. The discovery not only extends the concept of active matter to quantum systems but also contributes to the development of novel technologies that rely on the magnetic properties of particles, such as magnetic memory and quantum computing.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:52:06 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165206.htm
Florida dolphin found with highly pathogenic avian flu
Report details first-ever finding of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in North American dolphin.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:51:59 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165159.htm
New circuit boards can be repeatedly recycled
Researchers have developed a new PCB that performs on par with traditional materials and can be recycled repeatedly with negligible material loss. Researchers used a solvent that transforms a type of vitrimer -- a cutting-edge class of polymer -- into a jelly-like substance without damage, allowing solid components to be plucked out for reuse or recycling. With these 'vPCBs' (vitrimer printed circuit boards), researchers recovered 98% of the vitrimer and 100% of the glass fiber.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:51:51 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165151.htm
How geography acts as a structural determinant of health
In unincorporated communities in the United States-Mexico borderlands, historically and socially marginalized populations become invisible to the healthcare system, showing that geography acts as a structural determinant of health for low-income populations.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:51:44 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165144.htm
Getting dynamic information from static snapshots
Researchers have created TopicVelo, a powerful new method of using the static snapshots from scRNA-seq to study how cells and genes change over time. This will help researchers better study how embryos develop, cells differentiate, cancers form, and the immune system reacts.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 16:51:42 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426165142.htm
Automated machine learning robot unlocks new potential for genetics research
Researchers have constructed a robot that uses machine learning to fully automate a complicated microinjection process used in genetic research.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:57 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110057.htm
Air pollution and depression linked with heart disease deaths in middle-aged adults
A study in more than 3,000 US counties, with 315 million residents, has suggested that air pollution is linked with stress and depression, putting under-65-year-olds at increased risk of dying from cardiovascular disease.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:54 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110054.htm
Climb stairs to live longer
Climbing stairs is associated with a longer life, according to new research
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:51 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110051.htm
Anthropologist documents how women and shepherds historically reduced wildfire risk in Central Italy
Fire management lessons from the past could help to improve resilience as the Mediterranean faces increased fire risk from climate change. How traditional land management practices once greatly reduced fuel for wildfires, and how these practices were forgotten, in part due to historical politics of classism and sexism.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:46 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110046.htm
Genetic hope in fight against devastating wheat disease
Fungal disease Fusarium head blight (FHB) is on the rise due to increasingly humid conditions induced by climate change during the wheat growing season, but a fundamental discovery could help reduce its economic harm.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:36 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110036.htm
Professor resolves two decades of oxide semiconductor challenges
Successful development of high-performance amorphous P-type oxide semiconductor using tellurium-selenium composite oxide.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:34 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110034.htm
Built-in bionic computing
The use of pliable soft materials to collaborate with humans and work in disaster areashas drawn much recent attention. However, controlling soft dynamics for practical applications has remained a significant challenge. Researchers developed a method to control pneumatic artificial muscles, which are soft robotic actuators. Rich dynamics of these drive components can be exploited as a computational resource.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:31 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110031.htm
Illusion helps demystify the way vision works
Research shows that a certain kind of visual illusion, neon color spreading, works on mice. The study is also the first to combine the use of two investigative techniques called electrophysiology and optogenetics to study this illusion. Results from experiments on mice settle a long-standing debate in neuroscience about which levels of neurons within the brain are responsible for the perception of brightness.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:25 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110025.htm
Robotic nerve 'cuffs' could help treat a range of neurological conditions
Researchers have developed tiny, flexible devices that can wrap around individual nerve fibers without damaging them. The researchers combined flexible electronics and soft robotics techniques to develop the devices, which could be used for the diagnosis and treatment of a range of disorders, including epilepsy and chronic pain, or the control of prosthetic limbs.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:20 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110020.htm
Using stem cell-derived heart muscle cells to advance heart regenerative therapy
Regenerative heart therapies involve transplanting cardiac muscle cells into damaged areas of the heart to recover lost function. However, the risk of arrhythmias following this procedure is reportedly high. In a recent study, researchers tested a novel approach that involves injecting 'cardiac spheroids,' cultured from human stem cells, directly into damaged ventricles. The highly positive outcomes observed in primate models highlight the potential of this strategy.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:17 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110017.htm
Researchers advance detection of gravitational waves to study collisions of neutron stars and black holes
Researchers co-led a study that will improve the detection of gravitational waves--ripples in space and time.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 11:00:14 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426110014.htm
Recovering phosphorus from sewage sludge ash
Chemical and heat treatment of sewage sludge can recover phosphorus in a process that could help address the problem of diminishing supplies of phosphorus ores.
Fri, 26 Apr 2024 10:57:58 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240426105758.htm
Advance in the treatment of acute heart failure identified
A multicenter study has identified a potential new treatment for acute heart failure, a leading cause of hospitalization and death.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:52 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161552.htm
Early trauma cuts life short for squirrels, and climate change could make matters worse
Life can be tough for young red squirrels living in the Canada's Yukon territory, where frigid winters, food scarcity and predators threaten their long-term survival. Scientists want to know what factors might protect young squirrels, especially as their environment becomes more impacted by climate change.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:49 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161549.htm
RNA modification is responsible for the disruption of mitochondrial protein synthesis in Alzheimer's disease
A team of researchers has identified a mechanism that causes mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's patients resulting in a reduction of the supply of energy to the brain.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:29 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161529.htm
Shoulder surgeons should rethink a common practice, study suggests
Many surgeons remove the bursa when repairing rotator cuff injuries, but a new animal study suggests that the small tissue helps with healing.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:23 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161523.htm
Climate change could become the main driver of biodiversity decline by mid-century
Global biodiversity has declined between 2% and 11% during the 20th century due to land-use change alone, according to a large multi-model study. Projections show climate change could become the main driver of biodiversity decline by the mid-21st century.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:18 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161518.htm
These jacks-of-all-trades are masters, too: Yeast study helps answer age-old biology question
The results suggest that internal -- not external -- factors are the primary drivers of variation in the types of carbon yeasts can eat, and the researchers found no evidence that metabolic versatility, or the ability to eat different foods, comes with any trade-offs. In other words, some yeasts are jacks-of-all-trades and masters of each.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:15 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161515.htm
Vitamin D alters mouse gut bacteria to give better cancer immunity
Researchers have found that vitamin D encourages the growth of a type of gut bacteria in mice which improves immunity to cancer.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:12 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161512.htm
Food in sight? The liver is ready!
What happens in the body when we are hungry and see and smell food? A team of researchers has now been able to show in mice that adaptations in the liver mitochondria take place after only a few minutes. Stimulated by the activation of a group of nerve cells in the brain, the mitochondria of the liver cells change and prepare the liver for the adaptation of the sugar metabolism. The findings could open up new avenues for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:15:04 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161504.htm
Voluntary corporate emissions targets not enough to create real climate action
Companies' emissions reduction targets should not be the sole measure of corporate climate ambition, according to a new perspective paper.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:14:59 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161459.htm
Curiosity promotes biodiversity
Cichlid fishes exhibit differing degrees of curiosity. The cause for this lies in their genes, as reported by researchers. This trait influences the cichlids' ability to adapt to new habitats.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 16:14:56 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425161456.htm
Airborne single-photon lidar system achieves high-resolution 3D imaging
Researchers have developed a compact and lightweight single-photon airborne lidar system that can acquire high-resolution 3D images with a low-power laser. This advance could make single-photon lidar practical for air and space applications such as environmental monitoring, 3D terrain mapping and object identification.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:16:11 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131611.htm
Computer vision researcher develops privacy software for surveillance videos
Computer vision can be a valuable tool for anyone tasked with analyzing hours of footage because it can speed up the process of identifying individuals. For example, law enforcement may use it to perform a search for individuals with a simple query, such as 'Locate anyone wearing a red scarf over the past 48 hours.'
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:16:06 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131606.htm
Treatment for deadly superbug C. diff may be weakening
The antibiotic vancomycin, recommended as first-line treatment for infection caused by the deadly superbug C. difficile (C. diff), may not be living up to its promise, according to new research.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:16:03 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131603.htm
Herring arrives earlier in the Wadden Sea due to climate change
Due to the changing climate, young herring arrive in the Wadden Sea earlier and earlier in spring.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:57 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131557.htm
With hybrid brains, these mice smell like a rat
Mice lacking an olfactory system have had their sense of smell restored with neurons from rats, the first time scientists have successfully integrated the sensory apparatus of one species into another.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:54 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131554.htm
Estimating emissions potential of decommissioned gas wells from shale samples
Extracting natural gas from shale formations can provide an abundant, lower-carbon footprint fossil fuel, but also creates concerns over increased methane emissions. Researchers have now developed a new tool that can estimate the emission potential of shale wells after they are no longer active.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:52 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131552.htm
Nanomaterial that mimics proteins could be basis for new neurodegenerative disease treatments
A newly developed nanomaterial that mimics the behavior of proteins could be an effective tool for treating Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. The nanomaterial alters the interaction between two key proteins in brain cells -- with a potentially powerful therapeutic effect.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:49 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131549.htm
Scientists released long-term data of ground solar-induced fluorescence to improve understanding of canopy-level photosynthesis
A recent study utilized ground-based instruments to measure solar-induced fluorescence (SIF) that reflect plant health and photosynthesis.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:47 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131547.htm
The longer spilled oil lingers in freshwater, the more persistent compounds it produces
Oil is an important natural resource for many industries, but it can lead to serious environmental damage when accidentally spilled. While large oil spills are highly publicized, every year there are many smaller-scale spills into lakes, rivers and oceans. The longer that oil remains in freshwater, the more chemical changes it undergoes, creating products that can persist in the environment.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:05 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131505.htm
Warming Arctic reduces dust levels in parts of the planet
Dust can have a huge impact on local air quality, food security, energy supply and public health. Previous studies have found that dust levels are decreasing across India, particularly northern India, the Persian Gulf Coast and much of the Middle East, but the reason has remained unclear. Researchers found that the decrease in dust can be attributed to the Arctic warming much faster than the rest of the planet, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification. This process destabilizes the jet stream and changes storm tracks and wind patterns over the major sources of dust in West and South Asia.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:03 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131503.htm
Identifying a new liver defender: The role of resident macrophages
Researchers discovered liver resident macrophages' pivotal role in defending against gut bacteria and related substances entering via the portal vein, particularly under compromised intestinal barrier conditions. Identified as 'sentinel macrophages,' they are activated by isoallo-lithocholic acid. This finding holds promise for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies for liver chronic inflammatory diseases, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), by enhancing the function of these macrophages to mitigate inflammation and improve treatment efficacy.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:15:00 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131500.htm
Synthetic droplets cause a stir in the primordial soup
Our bodies are made up of trillions of different cells, each fulfilling their own unique function to keep us alive. How do cells move around inside these extremely complicated systems? How do they know where to go? And how did they get so complicated to begin with? Simple yet profound questions like these are at the heart of curiosity-driven basic research, which focuses on the fundamental principles of natural phenomena.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:51 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131451.htm
Scientists replace fishmeal in aquaculture with microbial protein derived from soybean processing wastewater
Scientists have successfully replaced half of the fishmeal protein in the diets of farmed Asian seabass with a 'single cell protein' cultivated from microbes in soybean processing wastewater, paving the way for more sustainable fish farming practices.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:48 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131448.htm
Key to efficient and stable organic solar cells
A team of researchers has made a significant breakthrough in the field of organic photovoltaics.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:45 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131445.htm
Diamond dust shines bright in Magnetic Resonance Imaging
An unexpected discovery surprised a scientist: nanometer-sized diamond particles, which were intended for a completely different purpose, shone brightly in a magnetic resonance imaging experiment -- much brighter than the actual contrast agent, the heavy metal gadolinium. Could diamond dust -- in addition to its use in drug delivery to treat tumor cells -- one day become a novel contrast agent used for MRI?
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:43 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131443.htm
Physical activity in nature helps prevent several diseases, including depression and type 2 diabetes
Physical activity in natural environments prevent almost 13,000 cases of non-communicable diseases a year in England and save treatment costs of more than 100 million, new research has found.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:40 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131440.htm
Genetic variations may predispose people to Parkinson's disease following long-term pesticide exposure, study finds
A new study found certain genetic variants could help explain how long-term pesticide exposure could increase the risk of Parkinson's disease.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:37 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131437.htm
Deer are expanding north, and that's not good for caribou
In the boreal forest of Western Canada, researchers have considered that both changing climate and increased habitat alteration have enabled deer to push farther north.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:34 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131434.htm
Simplified diagnosis of rare eye diseases
Uveitis is a rare inflammatory eye disease. Posterior and panuveitis in particular are associated with a poor prognosis and a protracted course of the disease. Diagnosis and monitoring can be challenging for healthcare professionals. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) is a fast and non-invasive imaging technique that supports this. Researchers have drafted a review on how FAF can facilitate the diagnosis and monitoring of posterior uveitis and panuveitis.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:31 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131431.htm
'Like a nanoscopic Moon lander': Scientists unlock secret of how pyramidal molecules move across surfaces
Scientists have watched a molecule move across a graphite surface in unprecedented detail. It turns out this particular molecule moves like a Moon lander -- and the insights hold potential for future nanotechnologies.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:28 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131428.htm
Freeze casting: A guide to creating hierarchically structured materials
Freeze casting is an elegant, cost-effective manufacturing technique to produce highly porous materials with custom-designed hierarchical architectures, well-defined pore orientation, and multifunctional surface structures. Freeze-cast materials are suitable for many applications, from biomedicine to environmental engineering and energy technologies.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:19 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131419.htm
How do birds flock? Researchers do the math to reveal previously unknown aerodynamic phenomenon
How do birds fly in a coordinated and seemingly effortless fashion? Part of the answer lies in precise, and previously unknown, aerodynamic interactions, reports a team of mathematicians. Its breakthrough broadens our understanding of wildlife, including fish, who move in schools, and could have applications in transportation and energy.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:16 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131416.htm
IRIS beamline at BESSY II extended with nanomicroscopy
The IRIS infrared beamline at the BESSY II storage ring now offers a fourth option for characterizing materials, cells and even molecules on different length scales. The team has extended the IRIS beamline with an end station for nanospectroscopy and nanoimaging that enables spatial resolutions down to below 30 nanometers. The instrument is also available to external user groups.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:13 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131413.htm
Towards novel promising perovskite-type ferroelectric materials: High-pressure synthesis of rubidium niobate
Researchers have pioneered a breakthrough in ferroelectric material development. They've engineered a novel displacement-type ferroelectric material boasting remarkable dielectric properties. Their achievement includes the successful synthesis of rubidium niobate (RbNbO3), a compound previously deemed challenging to produce under pressures exceeding 40,000 atmospheres. Additionally, they characterized how polarization changes across a wide temperature range during phase transitions. This breakthrough can lead to new design guidelines for ferroelectric materials.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:11 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131411.htm
AI in medicine: The causality frontier
Machines can learn not only to make predictions, but also to handle causal relationships. An international research team shows how this could make therapies safer, more efficient, and more individualized.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:08 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131408.htm
How electric vehicle drivers can escape range anxiety
Two of the biggest challenges faced by new and potential electric vehicle (EV) drivers are range anxiety and speed of charging, but these shouldn't have to be challenges at all. Researchers discovered that a change in refueling mindset, rather than improving the size or performance of the battery, could be the answer to these concerns.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:14:02 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131402.htm
Advanced cell atlas opens new doors in biomedical research
Researchers have developed a web-based platform that offers an unprecedented view of the human body at the cellular level. The aim is to create an invaluable resource for researchers worldwide to increase knowledge about human health and disease.
Thu, 25 Apr 2024 13:13:51 EDT
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240425131351.htm
